Python Numbers

Python Numbers

As we know, programming languages have their prime things – Numbers, Data types, Strings, Variables etc, which play a major role in constructing a program.

When we say Numbers, we mean to say Python programming supports integers, floating point numbers and complex numbers. These are number-based data types that store various types of numeric values. Number objects get generated when programmers assign a value to them. For example:

Example:

#!/usr/bin/python

variable_name1 = 10

variable_name2 = 6.2

These reference to number objects can also be deleted by using del statement. The syntax for “del” statement is:

Syntax:

del variable_name[, variable_name2[….variable_name-N]

In Python the numeric variables are defined as:

• int
• float
• complex

All of them act as a class in Python, where integers and floating point/decimal values are separated based on the presence or absence of decimal point between the values. 6 is an integer whereas 6.2 is a floating point value.

Types of Numerical Data Types

Python provides four distinctive numerical types. These are:

• signed int: include the range of both positive as well as negative numbers along with whole numbers without decimal point.
• long int: special type of integers having unlimited size and is written like integer value before the letter L (either uppercase or lowercase).
• float (real values): They are used with a decimal point to represent real-numbers and that decimal point (dot) is used to divide the integer and the fraction.
• complex: are complex numbers that take the structure a+bJ where a and bare floating point numbers and that ‘J‘ represent the square root of -1 (imaginary number).

Type Conversion (Casting)

Python has the capability and feature to convert within an expression containing the mixture of different types of values internally.

• int(v): is used to convert any value ‘v’ to plain integer
• long(v): is used convert a value ‘v’ to long integer
• float(v): is used convert a value ‘v’ to floating point value
• complex(v): is used convert a value ‘v’ to complex number having real part ‘v’ and imaginary part as 0
• complex(u,v): is used convert values u and v to complex number with real part ‘u’ and imaginary part ‘v’

Example:

#!/usr/bin/python

x = 10.5
y = 5

#without type cast
print (x + y) 

#after type cast
print (int(x) + y)

Output:

15.5
15

In the above example shows how float converted to integer.

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