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Python Numbers

Python Numbers
As we know, programming languages have their prime things – Numbers, Data types, Strings, Variables etc, which play a major role in constructing a program.
When we say Numbers, we mean to say Python programming supports integers, floating point numbers and complex numbers. These are number-based data types that store various types of numeric values. Number objects get generated when programmers assign a value to them. For example:
Example:
#!/usr/bin/python

variable_name1 = 10

variable_name2 = 6.2
These reference to number objects can also be deleted by using del statement. The syntax for “del” statement is:
Syntax:
del variable_name[, variable_name2[….variable_name-N]
In Python the numeric variables are defined as:
  • int
  • float
  • complex
All of them act as a class in Python, where integers and floating point/decimal values are separated based on the presence or absence of decimal point between the values. 6 is an integer whereas 6.2 is a floating point value.

Types of Numerical Data Types

Python provides four distinctive numerical types. These are:
  • signed int: include the range of both positive as well as negative numbers along with whole numbers without decimal point.
  • long int: special type of integers having unlimited size and is written like integer value before the letter L (either uppercase or lowercase).
  • float (real values): They are used with a decimal point to represent real-numbers and that decimal point (dot) is used to divide the integer and the fraction.
  • complex: are complex numbers that take the structure a+bJ where a and bare floating point numbers and that ‘J‘ represent the square root of -1 (imaginary number).

Type Conversion (Casting)

Python has the capability and feature to convert within an expression containing the mixture of different types of values internally.
  • int(v): is used to convert any value ‘v’ to plain integer
  • long(v): is used convert a value ‘v’ to long integer
  • float(v): is used convert a value ‘v’ to floating point value
  • complex(v): is used convert a value ‘v’ to complex number having real part ‘v’ and imaginary part as 0
  • complex(u,v): is used convert values u and v to complex number with real part ‘u’ and imaginary part ‘v’
Example:
#!/usr/bin/python

x = 10.5
y = 5

#without type cast
print (x + y) 

#after type cast
print (int(x) + y)
Output:
15.5
15
In the above example shows how float converted to integer.
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