C Operators

Declaration & Assignments

C Operators

C operators are symbols that is used to perform mathematical or logical manipulations. C programming language is rich with built-in operators. Operators take part in a program for manipulating data and variables and form a part of the mathematical or logical expressions

Types of Operators in C

C offers various types of operators having different functioning capabilities.

• Arithmetic Operators
• Relational Operators
• Logical Operators
• Assignment Operators
• Increment and Decrement Operators
• Conditional Operator
• Bitwise Operators
• Special Operators

Arithmetic Operators

Arithmetic Operators are used to perform mathematical calculations like addition (+), subtraction (-), multiplication (*), division (/) and modulus (%).

Operator	Description
+	Addition
–	Subtraction
*	Multiplication
/	Division
%	Modulus

C Program to Add Two Numbers

Example:

#include <stdio.h>
void main()
{
 int i=3,j=7,k; /* Variables Defining and Assign values */
 k=i+j;
 printf("sum of two numbers is %d\n", k); 
}Run 

Program Output:

Increment and Decrement Operators

Increment and Decrement Operators are useful operators generally used to minimize the calculation, i.e. ++x & x++ means x=x+1 or -x & x−−means x=x-1. But there is a slight difference between ++ or −− written before or after the operand. Applying the pre-increment first add one to the operand and then the result is assigned to the variable on left where as post-increment first assigns the value to the variable on left and then increment the operand.

Operator	Description
++	Increment
−−	Decrement

Relational Operators

Relational operators are used to compare two quantities or values.

Operator	Description
==	Is equal to
!=	Is not equal to
>	Greater than
<	Less than
>=	Greater than or equal to
<=	Less than or equal to

Logical Operators

C provides three logical operators when we test more than one condition to make decisions. These are: && (meaning logical AND), || (meaning logical OR) and ! (meaning logical NOT).

Operator	Description
&&	And operator. Performs a logical conjunction on two expressions. (if both expressions evaluate to True, result is True. If either expression evaluates to False, result is False)
||	Or operator. Performs a logical disjunction on two expressions. (if either or both expressions evaluate to True, result is True)
!	Not operator. Performs logical negation on an expression.

Bitwise Operators

C provides special operator for bit operation between two variables.

Operator	Description
<<	Binary Left Shift Operator
>>	Binary Right Shift Operator
~	Binary Ones Complement Operator
&	Binary AND Operator
^	Binary XOR Operator
|	Binary OR Operator

Assignment Operators

Assignment operators applied to assign the result of an expression to a variable. C has a collection of shorthand assignment operators.

Operator	Description
=	Assign
+=	Increments, then assigns
-=	Decrements, then assigns
*=	Multiplies, then assigns
/=	Divides, then assigns
%=	Modulus, then assigns
<<=	Left shift and assigns
>>=	Right shift and assigns
&=	Bitwise AND assigns
^=	Bitwise exclusive OR and assigns
|=	Bitwise inclusive OR and assigns

Conditional Operator

C offers a ternary operator which is the conditional operator (?: in combination) to construct conditional expressions.

Operator	Description
? :	Conditional Expression

Special Operators

C supports some special operators

Operator	Description
sizeof()	Returns the size of an memory location.
&	Returns the address of an memory location.
*	Pointer to a variable.

Program to demonstrate the use of sizeof operator

Example:

#include <stdio.h>
void main()
{
      int i=10; /* Variables Defining and Assign values */
      printf("integer: %d\n", sizeof(i));
}Run 

Program Output: